Penyelesaian Masalah Melalui Alternative Dispute Resolution (Adr) Atas Kasus Pelecehan Anak Di Bawah Umur Di Kecamatan Pontianak Kota

Abstract

Pelecehan anak di bawah umur adalah isu krusial yang berdampak multidimensional, merusak fisik dan psikis korban, serta mengganggu stabilitas sosial. Meskipun Indonesia memiliki kerangka hukum kuat, seperti Undang-Undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2014 tentang Perlindungan Anak, proses peradilan formal sering membebani psikologis korban dan belum sepenuhnya memenuhi rasa keadilan restoratif. Penelitian ini mengkaji potensi penerapan Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR), khususnya mediasi, sebagai pendekatan komplementer untuk penanganan kasus pelecehan anak di bawah umur di Kecamatan Pontianak Kota. Dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan tinjauan pustaka, data dikumpulkan dari berbagai literatur terkait ADR, keadilan restoratif, dan perlindungan anak. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif-kualitatif dengan prioritas pada etika penelitian dan privasi korban. Hasil tinjauan literatur menunjukkan bahwa ADR berpotensi memfasilitasi pemulihan korban, mencegah pengulangan kejahatan, dan membangun kembali harmoni sosial, sejalan dengan konsep keadilan restoratif UU SPPA Nomor 11 Tahun 2012. Namun, implementasinya di Pontianak Kota menghadapi tantangan signifikan, seperti kurangnya pemahaman masyarakat, kekhawatiran victim blaming, keterbatasan sumber daya manusia terlatih, dan koordinasi lintas sektor yang belum optimal. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan upaya kolaboratif dan terintegrasi, meliputi sosialisasi masif, pelatihan aparat penegak hukum, penguatan peran lembaga perlindungan anak, keterlibatan psikolog dan pekerja sosial, serta pembentukan pusat mediasi khusus anak. Diharapkan, hasil penelitian ini dapat berkontribusi pada perumusan model penanganan kasus yang lebih humanis dan berorientasi pemulihan korban di Indonesia.

Abstract

Underage child abuse is a critical issue with multidimensional impacts, causing physical and psychological harm to victims and disrupting social stability. Although Indonesia has a robust legal framework, such as Law Number 35 of 2014 concerning Child Protection, formal judicial processes often impose a heavy psychological burden on victims and don't fully achieve restorative justice. This research examines the potential application of Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR), particularly mediation, as a complementary approach for handling underage child abuse cases in Pontianak City District. Employing a qualitative approach and literature review, data was collected from various sources related to ADR, restorative justice, and child protection. Data analysis was descriptive-qualitative, prioritizing research ethics and victim privacy. The literature review results indicate that ADR has the potential to facilitate victim recovery, prevent re-offending, and rebuild social harmony, aligning with the restorative justice concept outlined in Law Number 11 of 2012 on the Juvenile Criminal Justice System (UU SPPA). However, its implementation in Pontianak City faces significant challenges, including a lack of public understanding, concerns about victim blaming, limited trained human resources, and suboptimal cross-sector coordination. This study recommends collaborative and integrated efforts, including widespread socialization, training for law enforcement officials, strengthening the role of child protection agencies, involving psychologists and social workers, and establishing dedicated child mediation centers. It's hoped this research will contribute to formulating a more humane and victim-recovery-oriented case handling model in Indonesia.